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[S] Short Stature
from Medline plus Health Information
Medical Encyclopedia
A relative term used in referring to any person that is more than two standard deviations below the average height (approximately in the shortest 5%) for a person of the same age and sex ...
Short stature may be a symptom caused by a medical condition and, as many of these conditions are treatable, should be evaluated by a health care provider.
Common causes:
- familial short stature ...
- delayed puberty ...
- ... hypothyroidism ...
- achondroplasia ...
- Noonan syndrome ...
There may be other causes of short stature ... Furthermore, the causes may vary based on age and gender of the affected person ...
Dwarfism - What is it?
by Little People's Research Fund
Dwarfism is the result of the disproportionate growth of the skeleton. In most cases, dwarfism is genetically determined. We refer to those affected as "Little People." ...
Most Little People encounter progressive deformities during childhood. These deformities may lead to disability. In some instances, breathing difficulties, gradual paralysis and even death may result ...
Yes. As a result of treatment, deformities can be corrected and mobility returned. Affected individuals can become capable of independent living ...
[*] [S] The Billy Barty Foundation
by Billy Barty, Founder
I am a dwarf. This means I was born with a medically recognized condition ... The name of my condition is Cartilage Hair Syndrome Hypoplasia ...
Most of us with dwarfism prefer to be described as "Little People". And please, put the emphasis on the word "People." ...
Dwarfism is a condition that affects over 1.5 million people in the U.S. alone, and there are over 100 different types of dwarfism. Most Little People are born to families with NO HISTORY of dwarfism ... We endure everything from job discrimination and reduced social opportunities to physical abuse and open public ridicule on a daily basis ...
The Billy Barty Foundation's mission is to guarantee an acceptable and improved quality of life for Little People through education, employment, accessibility and athletic programs ...
Endocrinology and Short Stature
by Endocrine Society
"Short stature" is not a medical diagnosis. It is a descriptive term for a person whose height is considered significantly below the normal range of measurements for that age, gender, and racial group ...
A variety of medical conditions can impair growth and result in pathological short stature ...
[*] [P] Short Stature Due to Genetic Defects Affecting Growth Hormone Activity ( Editorial )
from New England Journal of Medicine - February 15, 1996 - Vol. 334, No. 7
Postnatal growth and, to a much lesser degree, intrauterine growth are critically dependent on the expression of the pituitary growth hormone GH - 1 gene and the consequent generation of insulin - like growth factor I (IGF - I) in the liver and other tissues. The secretion of growth hormone is determined by an interplay between growth hormone - releasing hormone and an inhibitory hormone, somatostatin ...
The two hypothalamic hormones are controlled by central nervous system neurotransmitters (catecholamines, serotonin, and cholinergic substances) ...
The family of growth hormone genes, located on chromosome 17, consists of the GH - 1 gene, expressed in the pituitary, and four genes expressed in the placenta: GH - 2, chorionic somatotropic hormone genes 1 and 2, and chorionic somatotropic hormone pseudogene 1 ...
Growth hormone deficiency is due to genetic causes in only a minority of patients ...
Cases of deficiency of multiple pituitary hormones may also include growth hormone deficiency ...
In this issue of the Journal, Takahashi and coworkers ... describe a mutation in the growth hormone gene that causes the biologic inactivation of growth hormone, leaving its immunologic properties intact ...
Babies who were short at birth ( <48 cm in length for boys and < 47 cm for girls ), are obese, and have sparse hair and hypoglycemia should be examined for a molecular defect in the genes for growth hormone or its receptor ...
[****] [P] [S] Skeletal Dysplasias
by Greenberg Center
One problem seen in pregnant women with dwarfism is respiratory problems. In very small women ... the uterus is already an abdominal organ because of a short anteroposterior diameter of the pelvic inlet. Therefore, the pelvis is not used for uterine growth ... Another cause of respiratory distress ... shortened trunk ... (Allanson & Hall, 1986) ... indicate that 9 / 46 women had respiratory difficulties in the last two months of pregnancy ...
A second problem ... in pregnant women with dwarfism are symptoms of nerve root compression ... 5 / 46 women were symptomatic ...
Another important obstetrical issue is the mode of delivery and type of anesthesia utilized. The majority of infants ... are delivered by elective or scheduled c-section ... general anesthesia was utilized because of the fear of doing a spinal or epidural block in patients with narrowed lumbar spines ... It is important to remember that if general anesthesia is utilized, care must be used during intubation ...
The International Skeletal Dysplasia Registry
by Cedars - Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
The International Skeletal Dysplasia Registry at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center is a referral center for research into the diagnosis, management, and etiology of the skeletal dysplasias ...
[P] [S] Children with Extreme Short Stature
by NICHD
The National Institutes of Health is conducting a study for children with extreme short stature who do not have growth hormone deficiency ...
[**] [S] General information guide to short stature (Australia).
by Short Statured People of Australia Inc.
Diagnosis
- Examination, X - rays, Blood tests, Urine tests, Biopsy
Babies and young children ...
Family response ...
School ...
Higher education ...
Teenage years ...
Employment ...
A non - profit, self - help organization that provides support and information for people of short stature (dwarfs) …
Our aim is to assimilate people of short stature into society …
[S] Links and References to Organizations with Information on Dwarfism and Skeletal Dysplasias
by Greenberg Center for Skeletal Dysplasias
Types of Dwarfism ( links to OMIM )
from Centralized Dwarfism Resources
Compiled from the Human Genome Database
875 various types of dwarfism and dysplasia
320 Dwarfism types ...
555 Dysplasia types ...
International Skeletal Dysplasia Society
by International Skeletal Dysplasia Society
The principal aim of the Society shall be to promote scientific progress in the field of skeletal dysplasias and dysostoses ...
[S] LPA Online (
Little People of America )
from Little People of America
There are an estimated 200 types, some of which have never even been named ...
Of the estimated 200 types of dwarfism, achondroplasia is by far the most common ...
[*] [S] Dwarfism
from Centralized Dwarfism Resources
Dwarf
pl Dwarfs : OE. Dwergh, dwerf, dwarf, AS. dweorg, dweorh; akin to D. dwerg, MHG. twerc, G. zwerg, Icel. dvergr, Sw. & Dan. dverg; of unknown origin. 1. A diminutive human being.
Adjective
1. A reference to anything much below the usual or average size; as, dwarf tree; dwarf honeysuckle
Midget ...
1. Offensive ... person ... of proportionate stature.
2. A small or miniature version of ...
2. A class of small objects ...
We are first and foremost human beings, it is secondary that we are human beings who are of restricted growth. Use of the word "midget" to describe someone of short stature is considered extremely offensive by some people. It is better to refer to someone of short stature as a "Little Person" or "Dwarf" ...
[S] dwarfism.org
from Centralized Dwarfism Resources
25 Medical Resources
[S] dwarfism.org
from Centralized Dwarfism Resources
Library
[S] [French] L'Association québécoise des personnes de petite taille (Canada)
from AQPPT
[P] Limb - lengthening
using IM nails has satisfactory outcomes
Saturday, March 18, 2000
by American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
The Ilizarov fixator, a circular frame and tensioned wires, has many benefits that accelerate bone union through early weight bearing and allows correction of angulation, translation and rotation during the lengthening period, the researchers said. However, there are disadvantages such as pin site infection, limitation of joint motion by soft tissue fixation, patient discomfort because of bulky size and greater risk of neurovascular injury, they said.
Developed by J.M. Guichet, MD, in 1986, the GEN diaphyseal lengthening system gradually lengthens long bone using an intramedullary nail ...
[***] [P] Limb shortening for the management of leg length discrepancy
by Cristiano Coppola, et al.
Department of Orthopaedic ... University ... Aberdeen Medical School, Aberdeen, Scotland
Limb shortening is an option to manage leg length discrepancy ... between 2 and 5 cm can be corrected by epiphyseodesis (open or closed) or stapling ... In skeletally mature patients, shortening of the femur is considered safer ...
[S] The Magic Foundation for Children's Growth and Related Adult Disorders
from Magic Foundation ( Major Aspects of Growth In Children )
[S] Lengthening for Constitutional Short Stature
by Maryland Center for Limb Lengthening and Reconstruction, University of Maryland Medicine
Lengthening for stature (LFS) in normally proportioned people with short stature but without dysplasia requires a different strategy for lengthening than that used in patients with disproportion and dysplasia …
The usual goal of LFS for most patients with LNS is 2 to 3 inches …
The usual strategy is to lengthen both tibiae (includes the fibula) 2 to 3 inches …
There are several good reasons for our preference for tibial lengthening over femoral lengthening …
The most controversial issue is what minimum stature is required for us to agree to perform lengthening. In general … are appropriate for men up to 5'5" and women up to 5'1" …
[S] Institute for Limb Lengthening, Reconstruction, and Realignment of New York
There are many reasons why children may suffer from a deformed leg or arm …
Children, adolescents and adults with limb length inequalities and upper and lower extremity deformities will be treated in a specialized unit …
Computerized deformity analysis and treatment as well as a hands-on approach to the overall care of these patients are utilized …
[S] Ilizarov's Method and New approaches in limb lengthening (Illustrated)
by Mehmet Cakmak, M.D. etal.
[S] CENTRE FOR ILIZAROV TECHNIQUES
by CFIT-INDIA
Over the last 10 years, more than 1400 operations in almost 1000 patients have been done using the Ilizarov Techniques at this Centre …
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29/January/2004 A.T.
