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Hypospadias

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Hypospadias
A Selection of Internet Sites

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[P] For Professionals
[S] Support Group
[French]
[Ukrainian]


[*] [S] HYPOSPADIAS: What Every Parent Should Know
by Terry W. Hensle, M.D. et al.
Children's Hospital of New York
Columbia University
Hypospadias is one of the more common birth abnormalities of the genitalia among male infants ... In a normal penis, the urine tube (urethra) travels through the shaft of the penis to an opening (meatus) located in the center of the head of the penis (glans) ... almost 90 percent of hypospadias cases are minor with the urethral opening on or just below the head of the penis ... Hypospadias develops during pregnancy ... The exact causes of hypospadias are unknown ... decreased hormonal stimulation or some genetically programmed arrest of genital development ... Eight percent of the fathers of boys with hypospadias themselves. If two people in a family have hypospadias, the chance recurrence in another pregnancy is just over 20 percent ... are any tests needed? .... a number of studies have shown that the incidence of upper urinary tract abnormalities is no greater in boys with hypospadias than in the general population ... there can be abnormalities of the chromosomes, especially where there is a combination of hypospadias and undescended testes ... a karyotype (chromosome analysis) is often requested in such children ... SHOULD HYPOSPADIAS BE TREATED (REQUIRED)? Not every child with hypospadias needs surgery ... WHEN SHOULD IT BE TREATED? ... usually takes place in the first year of life ... HOW SHOULD IT BE TREATED? ... that the child not be circumcised prior to the repair because the tissue from the foreskin is essential for the repair ... WHAT ARE THE RESULTS? ... greater than 90 percent of patients with hypospadias will have the problem corrected in a single operation ...

[*] [S] Hypospadias: A parent's guide to surgery
from Intersex Society of North America (Illustrated)
Hypospadias refers to a urethral meatus ("pee-hole") which is located along the underside, rather than ... Counseling is essential ... We believe that your child will be best helped by minimizing genital surgery. No surgery should be performed unless it is absolutely necessary for his comfort and safety ...

[*] Hypospadias (Penile Urethral Anomalies in the Male Child)
by Richard M. Parker, M.D., F.A.F.P., F.A.C.S. et al.
... a common genital defect in his penis ... urethral opening for urination is mislocated on the underside of the shaft, rather than at the of the penis. There may also be a bend in the penis visible during erection ... The cause of hypospadias ... is not yet known ... Surgical correction of hypospadias ... is a technically demanding operation ... prognosis is excellent ... almost all patients will be able to have normal sexual relations and ...

Hypospadias
Digital Urology Journal
by the Division of Urology, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
... occurs in approximately one out of every 350 male births ... a downward curve of the penis, especially when erect - is usually, but not always, associated with hypospadias. Boys with chordee often must sit to void ...

Cryptorchidism and Hypospadias in Sons of Gardeners and Farmers
by Ida Sloth Weidner, et al.
Copenhagen University Hospital
Environmental Health Perspectives Volume 106, Number 12, December 1998
... Some chemicals used in farming and gardening have been shown to possess estrogenic and other hormone - disrupting effects ... A significantly increased risk of cryptorchidism but not hypospadias was found in sons of women working in gardening ...

Hypospadias Trends in Two US Surveillance Systems
by CDC Press Office
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) National Center for Environmental Health recently published an article in the journal Pediatrics entitled, "Hypospadias Trends in Two US Surveillance Systems." ... The data show that rates ... have increased markedly over the past 25 to 30 years ... Rates increased almost twofold in metropolitan Atlanta from 1968 to 1993, from around 18 per 10,000 births to approximately 40 per 10,000 births ... The cause of the increase in hypospadias is not known. Original suspicions were that the increase was due to increasing rates of diagnosis of more mile cases ... However, the percentage of mile cases in the Atlanta surveillance system has not increased ... Rates are highest among whites, lowest among Hispanics, and intermediate among African Americans ... hypothesis that increases in hypospadias and testicular cancer and a possible decline in sperm counts are due to the effects of environmental pollutants knows as endocrine disruptors ...

International Trends in Rates of Hypospadias and Cryptorchidism
by Leonard J. Paulozzi
from Environmental Health Perspectives Volume 107, Number 4, April 1999
Researchers from seven European nations and the United States have published reports of increasing rates of hypospadias during the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s ... Increases were not seen in less affluent nations ... What might cause this? ... some scientists have suggested that estrogens (or, in Europe, oestrogens) administered to the mother while the baby develops inside her can affect the process of male sexual development ... One bizarre fact ... drug called Propecia, designed to reverse hair loss in balding men, can cause hypospadias if it is ingested by a pregnant woman ...

Hyppospadias
Advice, support and guidance for men faced with the challenge of a penis different from the "norm" ... is often accompanied by other differences such as penile twisting, a "hooked" appearance because the glans bends down, and a hooded, incomplete foreskin ... Peyronie's disease ... This is a condition where the internal tissue of the penis turns to scar tissue and the penis bends ... The Links ... RECOMMENDED - THE YAHOO CLUB - A GREAT SUPPORT TO ALL MEN WITH THE CONDITION ... The medical profession have posted various ... For example: ... Male sexual health & the penis ... Abnormal Development of the Penis - Male Urethra ... A parent's guide to surgery ... Another account - this time of Epispadias ... where the opening of the urethra is displaced further back ... the difference being that the opening to the urethra is on the top of the penis rather than on the underside ... It was a big surprise to me that there was no adverse reaction to my condition from either my wife or previous girlfriend ... feel very bitter and regretful about my experience ... The doctors ... did a good job from a surgical standpoint but there was no support psychologically ... One of the worst things was the media - the image of male perfection ... Peyronie's disease ... a hard plaque of tissue on one side of the penis ... it causes the penis to bend when erect ...

Cryptorchidism and Hypospadias in Sons of Gardeners and Farmers
by Ida Sloth Weidner, et al.
Department of Growth and Reproduction,
Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
... parental occupation in the farming and gardening industry among 6,1777 cases of cryptorchidism, 1,345 cases of hypospadias, and 23,273 controls, born live from 1983 to 1992 in Denmark ... A significantly increased risk of cryptorchidism but not hypospadias ...

Hypospadias [French]
Cocteur Michael Nord et al.
Ll s'agit d'une malformation congénitale (existant á la naissance) du pénis ...

RÉSULTATS ACTUELS DE LA CHIRURGIE DE L'HYPOSPADIAS [French]
by H. Sigai, et al.
... Les nouvelles techniques chirurgicales sont basées sur la préservation de la plaque urétrale ... revue rétrospective de 94 cas d'hypospadias traités entre août 96 et août 97 ... Les auteurs insistent sur I'intérêt de I'utilisation de la plaque urétrale ...

Hypospadias
by TEXAS PEDIATRIC SURGICAL ASSOCIATES
How are hyposadias and chordee repaired? ... we try and correct most children with one operation, about 10 % will require a second surgical procedure to ...

Hypospadias
from University of Michigan Medical Center
Hypospadias is a birth defect found in boys in which the urinary tract opening is not at the tip of the penis. Bending of the penis on erection may be associated with this and is known as chordee ... When we see a boy with hypospadias there is a 20 % chance of finding it in another family member ... Chordee Without Hypospadias ... usual problem in which there is chordee (parents often bring the child in to see us because "the penis is bent") without apparent hypospadias ...

Cryptorchidism Fact Sheet for Specialists [Ukrainian]
Definition ... Ethymology ... Pathogenesis ... Associated anomalies ... Diagnosis ... Prognosis ... Treatment ... OMIM number ...

Hypospadias [Ukrainian]
A fact sheet for specialists
Main diagnostic criteria ... Pathogenesis ... Clinical features ... Differential diagnosis ... Complications ... Treatment ... OMIM number ...

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IBIS:International Birth Defects Information Systems

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27/November/2002 S.L.